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About 16 species of evergreen, usually spiny, shrubs or trees, native to south or southeast Asia and the Malay Peninsula. Several species are important citrus fruits of commerce, such as citron, grapefruit, lemon, lime, mandarin and orange. Some are grown indoors in pots as an ornament. Citrus species are a source of sugars (fructose, glucose and sucrose), vitamin C and B complex, acids and minerals. The essential setting agent (pectin) needed to make jams and many preserves is itself extracted from the peel of citrus species. Citrus species deserve a leading place among particular plants to be noticed for their essential oils for perfume-making. |
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| Citrus limon grows to 20 feet tall and has solitary spines. The leaf is glandular, compound and reduced to one leaflet. The flower is solitary or in pairs, white above and pink below. Seed is polyembryonic, giving rise to very uniform offspring. In the continental United States the major areas of production of this subtropical plants are: California, Florida, the Rio Grande Valley in Texas, Arizona and sections of the Gulf States. |
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